Introduction
We express our gratitude to the LinqAI team for the collaborative engagement that enabled the execution of this Smart Contract Security Assessment.
LinqAI stands at the intersection of AI and Web3, driving transformative solutions that redefine how businesses operate in the decentralized economy. The core mission is to leverage the unparalleled potential of AI to enhance and streamline business processes, offering a direct pathway to efficiency, scalability, and profitability in the Web3 era.
| title | content |
|---|---|
| Platform | EVM |
| Language | Solidity |
| Tags | ERC20, Staking |
| Timeline | 25/03/2024 - 28/03/2024 |
| Methodology | https://hackenio.cc/sc_methodology→ |
Review Scope | |
|---|---|
| Repository | https://github.com/MonkeWriteCode/lnq-web3→ |
| Commit | fd3fca878f270bb9750924c4d186de4b76ca64f3 |
Review Scope
- Commit
- fd3fca878f270bb9750924c4d186de4b76ca64f3
Audit Summary
10/10
n/a
10/10
10/10
The system users should acknowledge all the risks summed up in the risks section of the report
Document Information
This report may contain confidential information about IT systems and the intellectual property of the Customer, as well as information about potential vulnerabilities and methods of their exploitation.
The report can be disclosed publicly after prior consent by another Party. Any subsequent publication of this report shall be without mandatory consent.
Document | |
|---|---|
| Name | Smart Contract Code Review and Security Analysis Report for LinqAI |
| Audited By | Grzegorz Trawinski |
| Approved By | Ataberk Yavuzer |
| Website | http://linqai.com/→ |
| Changelog | 26/03/2024 - Preliminary Report |
| 28/03/2024 - Final Report |
Document
- Name
- Smart Contract Code Review and Security Analysis Report for LinqAI
- Audited By
- Grzegorz Trawinski
- Approved By
- Ataberk Yavuzer
- Website
- http://linqai.com/→
- Changelog
- 26/03/2024 - Preliminary Report
- 28/03/2024 - Final Report
System Overview
The LNQFarm contract is a staking solution that allows users to accrue staking rewards in LNQToken.
Privileged roles
The owner of the LNQFarm has no privileged actions implemented.
Executive Summary
Documentation quality
The total Documentation Quality score is 10 out of 10.
Code quality
The total Code Quality score is 10 out of 10.
Test coverage
Tests are not mandatory for the code less than 250 LOC.
Security score
Upon auditing, the code was found to contain 0 critical, 1 high, 0 medium, and 1 low severity issues, leading to a security score of 5 out of 10. Within the retest phase all findings were fixed, leading to a security score of 10 out of 10
All identified issues are detailed in the “Findings” section of this report.
Summary
The comprehensive audit of the customer's smart contract yields an overall score of 10. This score reflects the combined evaluation of documentation, code quality, test coverage, and security aspects of the project.
Risks
The LNQToken tokens must be manually transferred to the LNQFarm in prior to enable rewards withdrawal.
Findings
Code ― | Title | Status | Severity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| F-2024-1728 | First staker can get enourmous profits with small stake | fixed | High | |
| F-2024-1724 | Lack of two-step ownership transfer | fixed | Low | |
| F-2024-1746 | Redundant Ownable inheritance | accepted | Observation | |
| F-2024-1727 | Return value of ERC20 transfer is not checked | accepted | Observation | |
| F-2024-1726 | Inconsistent Solidity pragma declaration | fixed | Observation | |
| F-2024-1725 | The compound() function has redundant calculations | fixed | Observation |
Identify vulnerabilities in your smart contracts.
Appendix 1. Severity Definitions
When auditing smart contracts, Hacken uses a risk-based approach that considers Likelihood, Impact, Exploitability and Complexity metrics to evaluate findings and score severities.
Reference on how risk scoring is done is available through the repository in our Github organization:
Severity | Description |
|---|---|
Critical | Critical vulnerabilities are usually straightforward to exploit and can lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation. |
High | High vulnerabilities are usually harder to exploit, requiring specific conditions, or have a more limited scope, but can still lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation. |
Medium | Medium vulnerabilities are usually limited to state manipulations and, in most cases, cannot lead to asset loss. Contradictions and requirements violations. Major deviations from best practices are also in this category. |
Low | Major deviations from best practices or major Gas inefficiency. These issues will not have a significant impact on code execution, do not affect security score but can affect code quality score. |
Severity
- Critical
Description
- Critical vulnerabilities are usually straightforward to exploit and can lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation.
Severity
- High
Description
- High vulnerabilities are usually harder to exploit, requiring specific conditions, or have a more limited scope, but can still lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation.
Severity
- Medium
Description
- Medium vulnerabilities are usually limited to state manipulations and, in most cases, cannot lead to asset loss. Contradictions and requirements violations. Major deviations from best practices are also in this category.
Severity
- Low
Description
- Major deviations from best practices or major Gas inefficiency. These issues will not have a significant impact on code execution, do not affect security score but can affect code quality score.
Appendix 2. Scope
The scope of the project includes the following smart contracts from the provided repository:
Scope Details | |
|---|---|
| Repository | https://github.com/MonkeWriteCode/lnq-web3→ |
| Commit | fd3fca878f270bb9750924c4d186de4b76ca64f3 |
| Whitepaper | https://docs.linqai.com/whitepaper→ |
| Requirements | https://github.com/MonkeWriteCode/lnq-web3/blob/main/README.md→ |
| Technical Requirements | https://github.com/MonkeWriteCode/lnq-web3/blob/main/README.md→ |
Scope Details
- Commit
- fd3fca878f270bb9750924c4d186de4b76ca64f3
- Whitepaper
- https://docs.linqai.com/whitepaper→
- Technical Requirements
- https://github.com/MonkeWriteCode/lnq-web3/blob/main/README.md→