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- [SCA] Gladiators Verse | ERC20 | Aug2023
Audit name:
[SCA] Gladiators Verse | ERC20 | Aug2023
Date:
Aug 9, 2023
Table of Content
Introduction
We express our gratitude to the Gladiators Verse team for the collaborative engagement that enabled the execution of this Smart Contract Security Assessment.
Gladiators Verse is an advanced P2E with a combination of Idle RPG and AI features and Metaverse based game.
| title | content |
|---|---|
| Platform | Ethereum |
| Language | Solidity |
| Tags | ERC20 |
| Timeline | 01/08/2023 - 08/08/2023 |
| Methodology | https://hackenio.cc/sc_methodology→ |
Review Scope | |
|---|---|
| Repository | https://github.com/waleedahmedwaheed/Gladiator_Verse→ |
| Commit | 4296af4c8d0442f0fae9041c7195190684608415 |
Review Scope
- Commit
- 4296af4c8d0442f0fae9041c7195190684608415
Audit Summary
10/10
50%
10/10
10/10
The system users should acknowledge all the risks summed up in the risks section of the report
Document Information
This report may contain confidential information about IT systems and the intellectual property of the Customer, as well as information about potential vulnerabilities and methods of their exploitation.
The report can be disclosed publicly after prior consent by another Party. Any subsequent publication of this report shall be without mandatory consent.
Document | |
|---|---|
| Name | Smart Contract Code Review and Security Analysis Report for Gladiators Verse |
| Audited By | Hacken |
| Website | https://gladiatorsverse.io/→ |
| Changelog | 04/08/2023 – Initial Review |
| 08/08/2023 - Second Review |
Document
- Name
- Smart Contract Code Review and Security Analysis Report for Gladiators Verse
- Audited By
- Hacken
- Website
- https://gladiatorsverse.io/→
- Changelog
- 04/08/2023 – Initial Review
- 08/08/2023 - Second Review
System Overview
Gladiators Verse is the ultimate metaverse blockchain gaming P2E idle RPG project! Our project immerses players in an ancient Rome city where they can experience the thrill of gladiatorial combat and earn real rewards through our Play-to-Earn (P2E) system. In addition to the P2E system, we have also developed a mobile game and a marketplace where players can buy and sell in-game assets, including weapons, armor, and other items.
Following contracts:
gladiatorverse.sol_ — simple ERC-20 token that mints all initial supply to a deployer. Additional minting is not allowed. It has the following attributes:
Name: GLADIATORS VERSE.
Symbol: GAVE.
Decimals: 18.
Total supply: 1 billion tokens.
Migrations.sol — a contract that uses to complete migrations and upgrade a number of completed migrations.
Privileged roles
The owner of the Migrations contract can complete migrations and upgrade addresses.
The owner of the Gladiator contract can transfer tokens pause and unpause token.
Executive Summary
Documentation quality
The total Documentation quality score is 10 out of 10.
Code quality
The total Code quality score is 10 out of 10.
Test coverage
Code coverage of the project is 50% (branch coverage).
Since the audit Lines of Code do not exceed 250, this does not affect the score.
Security score
Upon auditing, the code was found to contain 0 critical, 0 high, 0 medium, and 4 low severity issues. Out of these, 1 issues have been addressed and resolved, leading to a security score of 10 out of 10.
All identified issues are detailed in the “Findings” section of this report.
Summary
The comprehensive audit of the customer's smart contract yields an overall score of 10. This score reflects the combined evaluation of documentation, code quality, test coverage, and security aspects of the project.
Risks
The contract owner has the ability to pause the transfers of all tokens. Consequently, if the owner loses their keys, an attacker can pause the contract.
Findings
Code ― | Title | Status | Severity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| F-2023-1347 | No Messages in if Statement | unfixed | Low | |
| F-2023-1346 | Missing Zero Address Validation | unfixed | Low | |
| F-2023-1345 | Missing Event for Critical Value Updation | unfixed | Low | |
| F-2023-134 | Floating Pragma | fixed | Low | |
| I-2023-033 | Missing NatSpec | unfixed | Observation | |
| I-2023-0330 | Disabled Solidity Optimizer | fixed | Observation |
Appendix 1. Severity Definitions
When auditing smart contracts, Hacken is using a risk-based approach that considers Likelihood, Impact, Exploitability and Complexity metrics to evaluate findings and score severities.
Reference on how risk scoring is done is available through the repository in our Github organization:
Severity | Description |
|---|---|
Critical | Critical vulnerabilities are usually straightforward to exploit and can lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation. |
High | High vulnerabilities are usually harder to exploit, requiring specific conditions, or have a more limited scope, but can still lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation. |
Medium | Medium vulnerabilities are usually limited to state manipulations and, in most cases, cannot lead to asset loss. Contradictions and requirements violations. Major deviations from best practices are also in this category. |
Low | Major deviations from best practices or major Gas inefficiency. These issues will not have a significant impact on code execution, do not affect security score but can affect code quality score. |
Severity
- Critical
Description
- Critical vulnerabilities are usually straightforward to exploit and can lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation.
Severity
- High
Description
- High vulnerabilities are usually harder to exploit, requiring specific conditions, or have a more limited scope, but can still lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation.
Severity
- Medium
Description
- Medium vulnerabilities are usually limited to state manipulations and, in most cases, cannot lead to asset loss. Contradictions and requirements violations. Major deviations from best practices are also in this category.
Severity
- Low
Description
- Major deviations from best practices or major Gas inefficiency. These issues will not have a significant impact on code execution, do not affect security score but can affect code quality score.
Appendix 2. Scope
The scope of the project includes the following smart contracts from the provided repository:
Scope Details | |
|---|---|
| Repository | https://github.com/waleedahmedwaheed/Gladiator_Verse→ |
| Commit | 4296af4c8d0442f0fae9041c7195190684608415 |
| Whitepaper | Provided→ |
| Requirements | Provided→ |
| Technical Requirements | Not provided |