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- [SCA] FORE Protocol | ERC20 | Jun2023
Audit name:
[SCA] FORE Protocol | ERC20 | Jun2023
Date:
Jun 23, 2023
Table of Content
Introduction
We express our gratitude to the FORE Innovation LTD (FORE Protocol) team for the collaborative engagement that enabled the execution of this Smart Contract Security Assessment.
FORE Protocol is a peer-to-peer predictions protocol that enables users to create, participate in, and validate prediction markets in a dynamic and play-to-earn format.
| title | content |
|---|---|
| Platform | Ethereum, Arbitrum |
| Language | Solidity |
| Tags | ERC20 |
| Timeline | 15/06/2023 - 22/06/2023 |
| Methodology | https://hackenio.cc/sc_methodology→ |
Review Scope | |
|---|---|
| Repository | https://github.com/FOREProtocol/fore_token→ |
| Commit | b9be8c95d921c2396da4f9cb2d17a29e1bab7e6b |
Review Scope
- Commit
- b9be8c95d921c2396da4f9cb2d17a29e1bab7e6b
Audit Summary
10/10
100%
10/10
10/10
The system users should acknowledge all the risks summed up in the risks section of the report
Document Information
This report may contain confidential information about IT systems and the intellectual property of the Customer, as well as information about potential vulnerabilities and methods of their exploitation.
The report can be disclosed publicly after prior consent by another Party. Any subsequent publication of this report shall be without mandatory consent.
Document | |
|---|---|
| Name | Smart Contract Code Review and Security Analysis Report for FORE Innovation LTD (FORE Protocol) |
| Audited By | Hacken |
| Website | https://www.foreprotocol.io/→ |
| Changelog | 22/06/2023 – Initial Review |
Document
- Name
- Smart Contract Code Review and Security Analysis Report for FORE Innovation LTD (FORE Protocol)
- Audited By
- Hacken
- Changelog
- 22/06/2023 – Initial Review
System Overview
FOREProtocol — simple ERC-20 token that mints all initial supply to a deployer. Token is extended by ERC20Burnable and ERC20Permit libraries from OpenZeppelin. Additional minting is not allowed. It has the following attributes:
Name: FORE Protocol.
Symbol: FORE.
Decimals: 18.
Total supply: 1000000000.
Privileged roles
FOREProtocol.sol has no privileged roles.
Executive Summary
Documentation quality
The total Documentation quality score is 10 out of 10.
Functional requirements are provided.
Technical description is provided.
Tokenomics is present.
Code quality
The total Code quality score is 10 out of 10.
The audit scope provided by the Customer has no code quality violations.
Test coverage
Code coverage of the project is 100% (branch coverage).
Security score
Upon auditing, the code was found to contain 0 critical, 0 high, 0 medium, and 0 low severity issues. Out of these, 0 issues have been addressed and resolved, leading to a security score of 10 out of 10.
All identified issues are detailed in the “Findings” section of this report.
Summary
The comprehensive audit of the customer's smart contract yields an overall score of 10. This score reflects the combined evaluation of documentation, code quality, test coverage, and security aspects of the project.
Findings
Code ― | Title | Status | Severity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-2023-0299 | Redundant Import | unfixed | Observation |
Appendix 1. Severity Definitions
When auditing smart contracts, Hacken is using a risk-based approach that considers Likelihood, Impact, Exploitability and Complexity metrics to evaluate findings and score severities.
Reference on how risk scoring is done is available through the repository in our Github organization:
Severity | Description |
|---|---|
Critical | Critical vulnerabilities are usually straightforward to exploit and can lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation. |
High | High vulnerabilities are usually harder to exploit, requiring specific conditions, or have a more limited scope, but can still lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation. |
Medium | Medium vulnerabilities are usually limited to state manipulations and, in most cases, cannot lead to asset loss. Contradictions and requirements violations. Major deviations from best practices are also in this category. |
Low | Major deviations from best practices or major Gas inefficiency. These issues will not have a significant impact on code execution, do not affect security score but can affect code quality score. |
Severity
- Critical
Description
- Critical vulnerabilities are usually straightforward to exploit and can lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation.
Severity
- High
Description
- High vulnerabilities are usually harder to exploit, requiring specific conditions, or have a more limited scope, but can still lead to the loss of user funds or contract state manipulation.
Severity
- Medium
Description
- Medium vulnerabilities are usually limited to state manipulations and, in most cases, cannot lead to asset loss. Contradictions and requirements violations. Major deviations from best practices are also in this category.
Severity
- Low
Description
- Major deviations from best practices or major Gas inefficiency. These issues will not have a significant impact on code execution, do not affect security score but can affect code quality score.
Appendix 2. Scope
The scope of the project includes the following smart contracts from the provided repository:
Scope Details | |
|---|---|
| Repository | https://github.com/FOREProtocol/fore_token→ |
| Commit | b9be8c95d921c2396da4f9cb2d17a29e1bab7e6b |
| Whitepaper | Provided→ |
| Requirements | Provided→ |
| Technical Requirements | Provided→ |